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final blog

Final Blog

For our final project in this class, we were assigned to construct the design of a website and input all information involving our memoir that we have gathered this semester that helps us answer our research question. For my group’s memoir, Elizabeth Grundy, we formulated a research question around the women’s religion and family – were there different relationships between allegiance to family and allegiance to church in Moravian lives?

The Memoir section is primarily focused on how we comprised the initial electronic writings of Elizabeth Grundy. The effort that went into careful identification of words in the first few pages because by the fourth or fifth page most of our group had mastered it. The most difficult part of this was trying to identify some names of people or places. Unlike Professor Faull, my group was not well versed in the locations in Northern England so we messed up a lot of place names when transcribing. Once we electronically transcribed Grundy’s memoir, we were able to transport it into a TEI file to dive deeper into the life of Elizabeth Grundy. With a TEI file comprised of the entire memoir, we began to mark it up by tagging words or phrases in the writing that we thought would be important: placeNames, persNames(person names), roleNames, objects, health, emotions, and events. All of this work did not help us answer our research question, but it was the first, and most important, step to do so.

Before we marked up our TEI file, we made a copy in a electronic document of our completed memoir to use for Voyant Tools. Voyant is a text analyzer that allows users to interact with their data digitally and also what my group used to gather the data found under the Visualizations tab. Voyant gives access to an extensive amount of tools that allows you to analyze your documents. Two key tools my group used in our analysis of Grundy’s memoir were Trends and Word Tree. Trends is a visualization that displays the frequencies of certain terms within a document whereas Word Tree shows the collocates of certain words. These tools gave us our first data to answer our research question because they help us, “perceive patterns in data that we may have otherwise missed”(Whitley, 187). Trends showed us that the words Grundy used most frequently were “savior”, ”jesus”, “god”, and “son” and Word Tree showed us that the first three terms were used in very religious ways(“dear savior”, “my savior”) and that the most used collocate for “son” is “my”, which means she loves to talk about her son. This helps us understand that while Grundy does pledge herself highly towards religion, she still loves her family a great amount.

Two more tabs that are visualizations but we considered to have more information are the Story Map tab and the Timeline tab. These two both engage users much more in the geospatial visual that Bodenheimer believes in. This geospatial elements is a, “complex relativistic view of space [that] has reinvigorated geography”(14). The timeline and story map help a lot with the understanding of this geospatial element. When I was writing and reading Grundy’s memoir, I never actually considered where or when it was all happening. This element actually helps me answer our research question. Based on our story map and timeline, we can tell that Grundy did move away from her family and her kids to be more involved with her faith. However, it’s not like she left the country to somewhere remote; she stayed very close to where her family lived. She even visited her daughter at certain times – one being when she gave birth and sadly passed away. This helps my group understand that even though Grundy’s allegiance to faith was very important, she still wanted to be close to her family. This would have been something I would not have pieced together had it not been for the timeline and story map.

The final tab we worked on was Moravian Women. In my opinion, this was one of the most interesting tabs because I got to read about other Moravian women other than Elizabeth Grundy. For this section, I went a read a lot of sections of different women from Professor Faull’s book: Moravian Women’s Memoirs. Of the few sections that were available for free, I was able to read about some single and married Moravian women. This was perfect because Grundy was a widow so, in total, I was able to read about three different types of Moravian women. This gave me so much information to work with. The single women I read about were Maria Barbara Horn and Eva Lanius. Horn was completely involved in the Single Sisters and devoted her entire life to it – she moved to America because her Savior wanted her to. It was much different for Lanius: when she was rejected she began to live her life normally. A direct quote from Lanius after she was rejected from the Congregation in Bethlehem was that she, “began to like the world again.” Yet once Lanius got later accepted into the Congregation, her faith was rekindled. This showed me that if a woman was allowed the chance to join the Congregation, then her life was 100% committed to her faith, yet if she wasn’t, then she was more committed to family. For the married woman I read about,Johanette Maria Ettwein, her situation was a little different. She was married to a brother of the church so her family and faith were connected. Ettwein could live happily with her husband and serve her Congregation at the same time. Something I did not include in the website but I found interesting, was some reports of Moravian men on Professor Faull’s website (katiefaull.com). One of the ones I looked over was of Johannes Jungman. When he was younger, his allegiance was completely to family; he did everything with his family and everything his father wanted him to do, including moving to America, helping with his father’s distillery, and learning copper works. After nearly losing his leg when his sister burned it with brandy, he decided to meet up with his neighbors who happened to be brothers of the Church. They got him to move to Bethlehem, ditching his family to join the Congregation. This gives us another source for Moravian lives and different allegiances to family and faith. In his early years, Jungman loved his family and did everything he could to help, but eventually moved on to give full love to his Savior.

Overall, we found many different relationships between the allegiance to faith and the allegiance to family in Moravian lives. For some, their entire life revolves around the Congregation and for others they grow up until they realize what they truly believe in. All of our Voyant tools and geospatial visualizations helped us understand these relationships. When we started this semester, I had no idea what to expect of this class, but it turned out to be a very in depth and interesting course.

 

http://grundyhumn100.blogs.bucknell.edu/

Categories
final blog

Final Blog Post

Given the implications in the name of the course itself, “Humanities 100”, it was only inevitable that this class had a consistent theme of analyzing the effects of digital humanities on society. It does not take a rocket scientist to figure out how drastically technology has changed the very world we live in today. For example, imagine the typical tourist wandering around the Big Apple. After maneuvering through the hordes of people glued to their cellphones, this tourist looks up and see the endless flashing monitors of Times Square. Finally, after a full day of festivities, this tourist finds his/her way back to their grandparents’ apartment who then proceed to complain how none of these fancy gadgets or screens even existed back in their generation. Needless to say, the world has experienced a technological explosion. The question is where did this sudden incorporation of technology derive from, and what are the consequences? A larger contributor is the creation of personal computing in the 1980s, which influenced people to view the world from a new lens. Society became quickly reliant on the internet with audio, visual, and graphical capabilities. Thus with due time, the field of digital humanities was created. The digital humanities are changing a world in which knowledge was taught through texts and stationary pictures and progressing to a world that produces and organizes knowledge through graphic designs and more. However, what is the advantage of implementing these graphics and visualizations towards internalizing text compared to traditional literature?

In his article “Visualizing the Archive”, Edward Whitley reflects upon how the human brain processes information. “Humans are quite adept at perceptual visual cues and recognizing subtle shape differences. In fact, it has been shown that humans can distinguish shape during the pre-attentive psychophysical process” (Whitley, 193). This fact entails that human brains are pre-wired to process and visualize shapes. The digital humanities provide the capability to turn complex bodies of text into software that can process this information into an extensive amount of graphs and even identify patterns. Nonetheless, it’s necessary to point out that not one single method of representing data is superior in every aspect. There are still benefits to reverting to the use of standard reading. For example, it’s intuitive that closely reading the actual text is going to provide the most accurate summary of the text and its details. However, it’s when texts become too long that the amount of information any individual can process begins to plateau. Whitley refers to this phenomenon in his article as the bottleneck effect. Only so many details can be remembered before the brain loses concentration and reaches its limits. For this very reason, digital humanities are advantageous in the the sense that complex texts can be simplified to be processed to the natural tendencies of the brain.

To provide some context on the capabilities of digital visualization tools, let’s focus on my favorite platform: Voyant tools. Originally, my group’s assignment was to review a 40-page digital archive of text written by Esther Latrobe and then decipher the text back into modern day English. This memoir had enough length to where the bottleneck effect started to kick in. Especially cause this document was written in a style of cursive and writing style that was unfamiliar. At first, we read the text document in it’s entirely like any other story one would read. We were provided numerous details on the several hardships that Latrobe endured. However, when we inputted the text of the memoir into Voyant Tools, the overlying themes became clearly apparent.

The picture above colorfully depicts the most frequent terms of the Latrobe’s memoir. It was now clear how strong a role religion played in her life because some of the most frequent terms included “god”, “lord”, and “saviour”. As Whitley would agree, Voyant Tools adhered to our brains’ tendency to register shapes and patterns. We now understood just how much religion really meant to Latrobe. It was this realization that shaped the research question of our final project.

Our research question was: How did Esther Latrobe’s relationship with God affect her lifestyle, and help her recover from such illnesses and hardships? Tragically, she was exposed to many harsh realities. For example, her mother died when she was only 11 years old. Additionally, she suffered from two diseases that nearly killed her both times. Keep in mind that the 1800s lacked the medical technologies that are available to the present world. Therefore, many diseases were lethal. To give light to how lethal diseases were from this time period, consider the Cholera Pandemic of 1817-1824.

This outbreak occurred during Latrobe’s life, which took the lives of over 400,000. The screenshot above is a picture from our timeline on our website. It was a miracle that Latrobe was able to survive not one, but two severe illnesses. In fact, her physician made several comments regarding how she had a shockingly high pain tolerance. Our group concluded that it was most likely her drive to maintain a close relationship with her “Saviour” that enabled her to become resilient, even against all odds. Another effect of her devotion to religion was its influences for her to travel, which was no cheap affair. To give a specific example, when she married James Latrobe, she had to move to Ayr Scotland because James had been called to service at the congregation there. “We are inherently spatial beings: we live in a physical world and routinely use spatial concepts of distance and direction to navigate our way through it (Bodenhamer, p. 14). As Bodenhamer believes, space is more than just for historical action. Space is a significant product and determinant of change. It was through this constant traveling that shaped the rich character that Latrobe developed.

However, as our group mentioned in our timeline, she lived a short life of only 28 years, and she died to Ayr Scottland soon after her marriage and giving birth.

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