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Blog #1

After analyzing several digital humanities projects, I have come to see the importance of DH. Digital humanities brings texts and other humanity studies to life, providing a new way study more words than ever before possible. Perhaps the best part: digital humanities makes these works available to EVERYONE, not just scholars. This is a huge deal; even some scholars struggle to access archives because of their demanding requirements. With methods like visualization and mapping, scholars have been able to make humanities more interesting and easier to study for the masses.

Although digital humanities come with several benefits, there are still many skeptics/objectors. Many people, oftentimes scholars, argue that digitizing these works takes away its essence, the beauty of analyzing them in person. They point out that moment of serendipity that comes with analyzing a 200 year old map or reliving a pioneer’s life through the same journal they’d record their thoughts and feelings in. Many people also feel that the elements of DH can take the meaning away from a document. For instance, it could be argued that visualization distracts from the true meaning of its work, making the reader analyze vast amounts of information when they should instead be studying every word,  contemplating its meaning.

For me, digital humanities is just like anything else in modern society, a product of evolution. In a world that is constantly improving, it is not surprising to see the digitization of archives. This “Age of Technology” that the world is going through mainly centralizes around one idea: convenience. DH is convenient. Instead of searching for an archive, traveling to it, gaining admittance, searching for materials, and then trying to study materials that are more often then not too worn down from use over time to even read, you can simply open your laptop and go online and study virtually anything. In my opinion, all scholars should really be embracing Digital Humanities. I understand the reliance and comfortability with traditional ways of studying archival materials, but the digitization of these materials has made them more available to the world, making the scholar’s job more efficient and sometimes providing them with jobs. Although, yes, I’m sure falling in love with a historical document in person, being able to touch it, is an ethereal experience, DH provides new ways to fall in love with humanities. Whether it be seeing a document or study in a new perspective because of visualization 0r being able to better understand the travel patterns of a specific group because of mapping, digital humanities is packed full of information that can inspire.

As with anything, digital humanities comes with its pros and cons. Although the world is shifting away from tradition, away from the physical and more towards the digital, these works are still valued and loved. There must be an understanding that the way we study the humanities must evolve with society or they will become irrelevant and forgotten. In a world that is moving ever-so-rapidly, the benefit of having these archives just a few clicks away at the tips of your fingers is a huge accomplishment in the world of humanities. The blend of a modern study with a classical one is something that needs to happen more often and hopefully will because of the example that DH sets.


Image result for digitized archives

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Categories
Blog #1

Blog #1

I believe that we have started to look at textual material on the screen more than on a manuscript/printed page. Why go to the document when you can bring the document to you?  The rise of technology is what is forcing humanities toward digital humanities: it has become effortless to pull up a document on your phone or computer. This switch to digital humanities means the research practices in the humanities must change as well. For digital humanities, a change in research practices does not simply mean understanding how to scan and upload documents. A large portion of the practice requires understanding of the use of visualization In the Whitley reading, Johanna Trucker defined visualization as, “A methodological reversal which makes visualization a procedure rather than a product and integrates interpretation into digitization in a popular way.” I love how she defined this because the last eight words really capture the essence of digital humanities: ‘integrates interpretation into digitization in a popular way.’ With the help of visualization, humanities will not fall behind in the wave of technological advance.

Digitized materials supplant the need to view to physical original copies. With the transition to visualization in the work of digital humanities, new ways of reading have come about. According to the Whitley reading, two new ways of reading are spatial reading and distant reading. Spatial reading means extracting the valuable information from a text so that you do not have to read it in a normal manner. Distant reading refers to stepping back and looking at trends between thousands of books/documents over time. These two new forms of reading supplant the need to view the original copies. I am not saying that we should just throw out the physical copies, but as long as we scan them, then we should not need to use them as much anymore.

Example of distant reading

I would say there is not yet a consensus for digitizing and editing archival material. However, that does not mean that some common practices for digitizing material have not arisen. One practice that was mentioned in the Whitley reading is tag clouds. These tag clouds can be designed in different ways, but their main use is to show the statistics for word count or word uniqueness in a document. Tag clouds are used to turn reading from a qualitative process to a quantitative process. The biggest advancement of tag clouds is that it connects with the idea of distant reading. By using tag clouds to look at word uniqueness in different documents, we can see how the uniqueness of words has changed over time. Tag clouds are even used on the DH site to show the most common places that have come up in their documents.

Example of a tag cloud on the DH site

 

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Practice Blog

Practice Blog

The first topic I chose utilizes visualization to analyze/organize a subject that has already been textually analyzed. The DH Project seeks to organize and structure words/phrases that are of importance in the released documents that pertain to Henry Kissinger’s time in the US State Department. The author creates this structure through a color code that organizes the subjects from these documents into SECRET and TOP SECRET and utilizes a timeline to provide historical relevance to these subjects. So, because of this structure, the project also utilizes the technique of mapping in time. For example, the TOP SECRET topic of Triangular Diplomacy can be related to the talks between China, Russia, and the US during the Vietnam War because of the background on time that the timeline provides. This DH Project offers us a way to analyze documents on one medium in a convenient way. Otherwise, it would be a monotonous task, involving sorting through thousands of pages of documents, to analyze Kissinger’s time as Secretary of State. The subject matter didn’t necessarily need to be presented visually; words and phrases could have. been mapped to the areas that they pertained to in the world. I think the author just came to the conclusion that visualization was the most convenient way to organize the information and the easiest for readers to understand.

Military men are just dumb, stupid animals to be used ...

The second topic I visited utilizes mapping. This “map” displays the relation of words based on our understanding of them through metaphors that have developed in the English language in the past millennium. Because the map also provides a visual display, you could say it is also a method of visualization. This project perfectly displays the advantages that come with Digital Humanities. You would have to research an endless number of texts and compare them in order to completely understand the impact that metaphors for over a millennium have had on words and the way we understand them today. I feel that mapping/visualization is the proper technique for this topic because it not only provides a good structure, but it also makes reading it more fun.

metaphor

 

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Practice Blog

Visualization and Preservation

The primary focus of Adrian S. Wisnicki’s project, Livingstone’s 1871 Field Diary, is preservation. Due to not having the proper technology, David Livingstone’s field diary had remained unpublished and inaccessible. By using spectral imaging and processing technology, the project team was able to decipher what was written in the original diary. Preservation is one of the most important topics when dealing with digital humanities. If we are not able to preserve the old texts, then we will never be able to transcribe them, meaning we will never get to read them. Preservation does not come with just old diaries, such as in the case of David Livingstone, but also with historical maps and records.

The primary focus of the project, Selfiecity, is visualization. By obtaining selfies from thousands of people worldwide and compressing them into a collage, it becomes possible to analyze demographic patterns of selfies. It may seem unnecessary to study selfies of people, but interesting findings have come out of the project – one finding being happiness. Of the cities studied, Bangkok has the highest ‘smile rating’ with 68% of selfies being smiles whereas Moscow had a 53% smile rating. In a study of social media patterns, it was very smart for the Selfiecity group to use the visualization method. Currently, Snapchat and Instagram comprise a large portion of social media where both medias are about posting or taking pictures of yourself. It would be much harder for Selfiecity to explain their findings if they did not have photographic evidence to back up their findings.